Hand Cranked Machine Guns

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	Montigny mitrailleuse	The Montigny mitrailleuse is an early rapid-fire weapon developed in Belgium, capable of firing multiple barrels simultaneously. Pre-dating modern machine guns, it saw limited use during the Franco-Prussian War.
	Reffye mitrailleuse	An early type of volley gun used by the French military in the late 19th century. It featured multiple barrels and was capable of firing volleys of projectiles simultaneously, serving as a precursor to modern machine guns.
	Bira Gun	A hand-cranked multi-barrel machine gun developed in Nepal in the late 19th century. Similar to the Gardner gun, it was unique to Nepal and used for local defense, demonstrating the spread of machine gun technology beyond Europe.
	Nordenfelt Gun	A manually operated, rapid-firing gun with multiple barrels that fired in succession. Invented in the late 19th century, it was used by various navies for anti-torpedo boat defense and could fire rifle-caliber rounds at a high rate.
	1874 Gardner Gun	An early American machine gun designed by William Gardner in 1874. The Gardner gun was manually operated, with a crank that fired rounds through two barrels alternately. It was adopted by several armies, including the British, and was an important step in the development of fully automatic weapons.
	Billinghurst Requa Battery gun	The Billinghurst Requa Battery gun was an early volley gun used during the American Civil War. It consisted of multiple barrels mounted together, capable of firing in a simultaneous burst. Though innovative, its practical battlefield use was limited due to its cumbersome size and setup requirements.
	M1903 Gatling Gun	An early type of hand-cranked machine gun, the Gatling gun was one of the first to solve the problem of providing sustained rapid fire. The M1903 version featured ten barrels and was used by the U.S. military during the early 20th century.
	Agar Gun	The Agar Gun, nicknamed the "Coffee Mill Gun," was an early crank-operated machine gun used during the American Civil War. It demonstrated the potential of rapid-fire weapons but was limited by overheating and logistical challenges.