90mm gun M1/M2/M3

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	Weapon: 90mm gun M1/M2/M3 Type: Heavy Cannon Country of Origin: United States Year Adopted: 1940 Caliber: 90x600-615mmR Action: Breech-Loading Cannon Overall Length (mm): 4700.0 Weight (kg): 2260.00 Effective Range (m): 17823

The 90mm gun series (M1, M2, and M3) was a family of American-made heavy artillery pieces primarily developed as anti-aircraft and anti-tank weapons during World War II. Introduced in 1940, the original M1 model featured a powerful 90 mm caliber capable of firing high-velocity shells to intercept high-altitude bombers. Subsequent models, including the M2 and M3, incorporated design improvements such as faster breech mechanisms and enhanced mounts for better mobility and adaptability. The M3, optimized for anti-tank roles, featured modified ammunition and mounting for use on tanks such as the M26 Pershing, further demonstrating the weapon's versatility.

Over 7,000 units of the 90 mm gun were produced during World War II, making it one of the most widely used heavy weapons in the U.S. arsenal. It served in multiple roles, including air defense against Axis aircraft, coastal defense, and armored warfare. In Europe, the M3 variant proved particularly effective in countering German tanks like the Panther and Tiger, offering penetration capabilities on par with Germany's vaunted 88 mm guns. The weapon was also deployed extensively in the Pacific Theater, where it provided critical support in campaigns such as the Battle of Okinawa.

The 90 mm gun series earned a reputation for reliability, precision, and firepower, becoming a cornerstone of Allied artillery strategy. Its deployment highlighted the adaptability of American weapons systems, transitioning seamlessly from anti-aircraft to ground combat roles. Post-war, the gun continued to see service in the early years of the Cold War, influencing the design of subsequent heavy artillery and tank guns. Today, surviving examples of the 90 mm gun M1/M2/M3 are preserved in museums and as monuments, symbolizing the technological ingenuity and strategic importance of American artillery during World War II.