M1871 Swiss Socket Bayonet

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	Weapon: M1871 Swiss Socket Bayonet Type: Socket Bayonet Country of Origin: Switzerland Year Adopted: 1871 Overall Length (mm): 580.0 Overall Length (in): 22.83 Weight (kg): 0.60 Weight (pounds): 1.32

The Swiss M1871 socket bayonet was adopted alongside the Vetterli M1871 rifle, the first widely issued repeating rifle in European service. It featured a cruciform blade approximately 480 mm (18.9 in) long, with a sturdy socket mount designed to attach securely to the rifle's barrel. Unlike many contemporary bayonets that transitioned to knife or sword types, the Swiss retained the traditional socket form, emphasizing a long reach and thrusting ability. Its design reflected the Swiss doctrine of mass infantry defense, where bayonets were considered essential for holding ground in tight formations.

Production of the M1871 bayonet was undertaken by both government arsenals and private contractors to keep pace with the large-scale introduction of the Vetterli rifle. Hundreds of thousands were manufactured throughout the late 19th century, ensuring that virtually every rifle was paired with its bayonet. The cruciform blade was forged for strength, providing piercing power without unnecessary weight, while the socket was fitted with a locking ring to ensure stability when mounted on the rifle. This combination of simplicity and reliability helped extend its service life well beyond its initial adoption.

The M1871 saw service with the Swiss militia well into the early 20th century, remaining in use as newer variants of the Vetterli rifle were introduced. While it never saw large-scale combat due to Switzerland's neutrality, it represents a transitional stage in bayonet design, bridging the gap between earlier triangular socket blades and later knife-style bayonets. Today, the M1871 is noted by collectors for its cruciform blade and strong association with the innovative Vetterli rifle, symbolizing Switzerland's emphasis on preparedness and self-defense during a time of rapid military modernization.